Micron Document
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<h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Handfische</span></h1>
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<th>Handfische
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<td class="taxo-bild" style="font-size:smaller;">
<p><i><a href="Brachionichthys_hirsutus" title="Brachionichthys hirsutus">Brachionichthys hirsutus</a></i>
</p>
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<th><a href="Systematik_(Biologie)" title="Systematik (Biologie)">Systematik</a>
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<td><a href="Acanthomorpha" title="Acanthomorpha">Acanthomorphata</a>
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<td><a href="Stachelflosser" title="Stachelflosser">Stachelflosser</a> (Acanthopterygii)
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<td><a href="Barschverwandte" title="Barschverwandte">Barschverwandte</a> (Percomorphaceae)
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<td><i><a href="Ordnung_(Biologie)" title="Ordnung (Biologie)">Ordnung</a>:</i>
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<td><a href="Armflosser" title="Armflosser">Armflosser</a> (Lophiiformes)
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<td><i><a href="Familie_(Biologie)" title="Familie (Biologie)">Familie</a>:</i>
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<td><a href="Anglerfische" title="Anglerfische">Anglerfische</a> (Antennariidae)
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<td><i><a href="Familie_(Biologie)" title="Familie (Biologie)">Unterfamilie</a>:</i>
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<td>Handfische
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<th><a href="Nomenklatur_(Biologie)" title="Nomenklatur (Biologie)">Wissenschaftlicher Name</a>
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<td class="taxo-name">Brachionichthyinae
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<td class="Person"><a href="Theodore_Nicholas_Gill" title="Theodore Nicholas Gill">Gill</a>, 1878
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<p><b>Handfische</b> (Brachionichthyinae) sind eine Unterfamilie der <a href="Anglerfische" title="Anglerfische">Anglerfische</a>. Es sind kleine, wenig erforschte Meeresfische, die auf dem Meeresgrund, an der Küste des südlichen <a href="Australien" title="Australien">Australien</a> und rund um <a href="Tasmanien" title="Tasmanien">Tasmanien</a> in Tiefen bis 150 Metern <a href="Endemit" title="Endemit">endemisch</a> vorkommen.
</p>

<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Merkmale">Merkmale</h2></div>
<p>Ihre Haut ist nackt oder mit Auswüchsen bedeckt, die ihnen auch den Namen <b>Warzen-Angler</b> gegeben haben. Wie andere <a href="Armflosser" title="Armflosser">Armflosser</a> besitzen Handfische einen modifizierten <a href="R%C3%BCckenflosse" class="mw-redirect" title="Rückenflosse">Rückenflossenstrahl</a> über dem Maul, doch dieser ist kurz und scheint nicht als <a href="K%C3%B6der" title="Köder">Köder</a> benutzt zu werden. Der zweite dorsale Strahl ist mit dem dritten durch einen Hautlappen verbunden und bildet einen Kamm. Der weichstrahlige Teil der Rückenflosse hat 15 bis 19 ungeteilte <a href="Flossenstrahl" title="Flossenstrahl">Flossenstrahlen</a>, die <a href="Afterflosse" class="mw-redirect" title="Afterflosse">Afterflosse</a> 7 bis 10. Die handähnlichen <a href="Bauchflosse" class="mw-redirect" title="Bauchflosse">Bauchflossen</a> haben einen Hart- und vier Weichstrahlen. Sie können, zusammen mit den <a href="Brustflosse" class="mw-redirect" title="Brustflosse">Brustflossen</a>, zu einer <a href="Gehen" title="Gehen">gangartigen</a> Fortbewegung auf dem Boden benutzt werden. Die Kiemenöffnungen sind klein und liegen hinter der Brustflossenbasis.
</p><p>Handfische werden 2 bis 15 Zentimeter lang.
</p>
<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Systematik">Systematik</h2></div>
<p>Die Unterfamilie der Handfische (Brachionichthyinae) wurde 1878 durch den US-amerikanischen Ichthyologen <a href="Theodore_Nicholas_Gill" title="Theodore Nicholas Gill">Theodore Nicholas Gill</a> eingeführt.<sup id="cite_ref-Gill_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Gill-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Sie hatte über einen langen Zeitraum den Status einer eigenständigen Familie, wurde 2025 aber wieder zu einer Unterfamilie der herabgestuft, da sie die Schwestergruppe der Anglerfischunterfamilie <a href="Rhycherinae" title="Rhycherinae">Rhycherinae</a> ist.<sup id="cite_ref-Maile_et_al_2025_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Maile_et_al_2025-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>
</p><p>Das folgende <a href="Kladogramm" class="mw-redirect" title="Kladogramm">Kladogramm</a> zeigt die verwandtschaftliche Stellung der Handfische zu den anderen Unterfamilien der Anglerfische:<sup id="cite_ref-Maile_et_al_2025_2-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Maile_et_al_2025-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>
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<td style="min-width:1em; border-bottom:2px solid; vertical-align:bottom; text-align:center;">&nbsp;<b>Antennariidae</b>&nbsp;
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<p><a href="Fowlerichthyinae" class="mw-redirect" title="Fowlerichthyinae">Fowlerichthyinae</a>
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<td style="border-left:2px solid; border-bottom:2px solid; vertical-align:bottom; text-align:center;">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
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<p><a href="Antennariinae" class="mw-redirect" title="Antennariinae">Antennariinae</a>
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<p><a href="Tathicarpinae" class="mw-redirect" title="Tathicarpinae">Tathicarpinae</a>
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<td style="border-left:2px solid; border-bottom:2px solid; vertical-align:bottom; text-align:center;">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
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<p><a href="Lophichthyinae" class="mw-redirect" title="Lophichthyinae">Lophichthyinae</a>
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<td style="border-left:2px solid; border-bottom:2px solid; vertical-align:bottom; text-align:center;">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
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<p><a href="Tetrabrachiinae" title="Tetrabrachiinae">Tetrabrachiinae</a>
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<td style="border-left:2px solid; border-bottom:2px solid; vertical-align:bottom; text-align:center;">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
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<p><a href="Histiophryninae" title="Histiophryninae">Histiophryninae</a>
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<p><b>Handfische (Brachionichthyinae)</b>
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<td style="border-left:2px solid; border-bottom:2px solid; vertical-align:bottom; text-align:center;">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
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<p><a href="Rhycherinae" title="Rhycherinae">Rhycherinae</a>
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<td valign="top"><br><span style="display:none;">Vorlage:Klade/Wartung/Style</span>
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<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Arten">Arten</h2></div>



<p>Es gibt 13 Arten in fünf Gattungen:
</p>
<ul><li><i>Brachionichthys</i> <a href="Pieter_Bleeker" title="Pieter Bleeker">Bleeker</a>, 1855
<ul><li><i>Brachionichthys australis</i> <a href="Peter_Robert_Last" class="mw-redirect" title="Peter Robert Last">Last</a>, Gledhill &amp; Holmes, 2007<sup id="cite_ref-Last_etal_2007_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Last_etal_2007-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li>
<li><i><a href="Brachionichthys_hirsutus" title="Brachionichthys hirsutus">Brachionichthys hirsutus</a></i> (<a href="Bernard_Germain_%C3%89tienne_M%C3%A9dard_de_La_Ville-sur-Illon%2C_comte_de_La_C%C3%A9p%C3%A8de" class="mw-redirect" title="Bernard Germain Étienne Médard de La Ville-sur-Illon, comte de La Cépède">Lacépède</a>, 1804)</li></ul></li>
<li><i>Brachiopsilus</i> Last &amp; Gledhill, 2009<sup id="cite_ref-Last_&amp;_Gledhill_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Last_&amp;_Gledhill-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>
<ul><li><i>Brachiopsilus dianthus</i> Last &amp; Gledhill, 2009</li>
<li><i>Brachiopsilus dossenus</i> Last &amp; Gledhill, 2009</li>
<li><i>Brachiopsilus ziebelli</i> Last &amp; Gledhill, 2009</li></ul></li>
<li><i>Pezichthys</i> Last &amp; Gledhill, 2009<sup id="cite_ref-Last_&amp;_Gledhill_4-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Last_&amp;_Gledhill-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>
<ul><li><i>Pezichthys amplispinus</i> Last &amp; Gledhill, 2009</li>
<li><i>Pezichthys compressus</i> Last &amp; Gledhill, 2009</li>
<li><i>Pezichthys eltanini</i> Last &amp; Gledhill, 2009</li>
<li><i>Pezichthys macropinnis</i> Last &amp; Gledhill, 2009</li>
<li><i>Pezichthys nigrocilium</i> Last &amp; Gledhill, 2009</li></ul></li>
<li><i>Sympterichthys</i> <a href="Theodore_Nicholas_Gill" title="Theodore Nicholas Gill">Gill</a>, 1878
<ul><li><i>Sympterichthys moultoni</i> Last &amp; Gledhill, 2009</li>
<li><i>Sympterichthys politus</i> (<a href="John_Richardson_(Naturforscher)" title="John Richardson (Naturforscher)">Richardson</a>, 1844)</li>
<li><i>Sympterichthys unipennis</i> (<a href="Georges_Cuvier" title="Georges Cuvier">Cuvier</a>, 1817), ausgestorben im 21. Jahrhundert<sup id="cite_ref-IUCN_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-IUCN-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul></li>
<li><i>Thymichthys</i> Last &amp; Gledhill, 2009<sup id="cite_ref-Last_&amp;_Gledhill_4-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Last_&amp;_Gledhill-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>
<ul><li><i>Thymichthys verrucosus</i> (<a href="Allan_Riverstone_McCulloch" title="Allan Riverstone McCulloch">McCulloch</a> &amp; Waite, 1918)</li></ul></li></ul>
<p>Die <a href="Fossil" title="Fossil">fossile</a> Art <i>Histionotophorus bassani</i>, die den <a href="Rezent_(Biologie)" class="mw-redirect" title="Rezent (Biologie)">rezenten</a> sehr ähnelt, ist aus dem <a href="Eoz%C3%A4n" title="Eozän">Eozän</a> von Italien bekannt.
</p>
<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Literatur">Literatur</h2></div>
<ul><li><a href="Joseph_S._Nelson" title="Joseph S. Nelson">Joseph S. Nelson</a>: <i>Fishes of the World</i>, John Wiley &amp; Sons, 2006, ISBN 0-471-25031-7.</li>
<li>Allan Riverstone McCulloch, Edgar Ravenswood Waite: <cite style="font-style:italic">Some new and little-known fishes from South Australia</cite>. In: <cite style="font-style:italic">Records of the South Australian Museum</cite>. <span style="white-space:nowrap">Band<span style="display:inline-block;width:.2em">&nbsp;</span>1</span>, 1918, <span style="white-space:nowrap">S.<span style="display:inline-block;width:.2em">&nbsp;</span>39–82</span> (<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/29243486#page/57/mode/1up">online</a> [abgerufen am 24.&nbsp;November 2013]).<span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rfr_id=info:sid/de.wikipedia.org:Handfische&amp;rft.atitle=Some+new+and+little-known+fishes+from+South+Australia&amp;rft.au=Allan+Riverstone+McCulloch%2C+Edgar+Ravenswood+Waite&amp;rft.btitle=Records+of+the+South+Australian+Museum&amp;rft.date=1918&amp;rft.genre=book&amp;rft.pages=39-82&amp;rft.volume=1" style="display:none">&nbsp;</span></li></ul>
<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Einzelnachweise">Einzelnachweise</h2></div>
<ol class="references">
<li id="cite_note-Gill-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-Gill_1-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">T.N. Gill (1863): <i>Descriptions of some new species of Pediculati, and on the classification of the group.</i> Proceedings of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia, 15, 88–92</span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-Maile_et_al_2025-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">↑ <sup><a href="#cite_ref-Maile_et_al_2025_2-0">a</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-Maile_et_al_2025_2-1">b</a></sup></span> <span class="reference-text">
Alex J. Maile, W. Leo Smith, Matthew P. Davis (2025): <i>A total-evidence phylogenetic approach to understanding the evolution, depth transitions, and body-shape changes in the anglerfishes and allies (Acanthuriformes: Lophioidei).</i> PLoS One, 20 (5): e0322369. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0322369" class="extiw external" title="doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0322369">doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0322369</a></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-Last_etal_2007-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-Last_etal_2007_3-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Peter Robert Last, Daniel C. Gledhill, Bonwyn H. Holmes: <cite style="font-style:italic">A new handfish, Brachionichthys australis sp. nov. (Lophiiformes: Brachionichthyidae), with a redescription of the critically endangered spotted handfish, B. hirsutus (Lacepède)</cite>. In: <cite style="font-style:italic">Zootaxa</cite>. <span style="white-space:nowrap">Band<span style="display:inline-block;width:.2em">&nbsp;</span>1666</span>, 2007, <span style="white-space:nowrap">S.<span style="display:inline-block;width:.2em">&nbsp;</span>53–68</span> (<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.mapress.com/zootaxa/2007f/z01666p068f.pdf">online</a> [PDF; <span style="white-space:nowrap">16<span style="display:inline-block;width:.2em">&nbsp;</span>kB</span>; abgerufen am 24.&nbsp;November 2013]).<span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rfr_id=info:sid/de.wikipedia.org:Handfische&amp;rft.atitle=A+new+handfish%2C+Brachionichthys+australis+sp.+nov.+%28Lophiiformes%3A+Brachionichthyidae%29%2C+with+a+redescription+of+the+critically+endangered+spotted+handfish%2C+B.+hirsutus+%28Lacep%C3%A8de%29&amp;rft.au=Peter+Robert+Last%2C+Daniel+C.+Gledhill%2C+Bonwyn+H.+Holmes&amp;rft.btitle=Zootaxa&amp;rft.date=2007&amp;rft.genre=book&amp;rft.pages=53-68&amp;rft.volume=1666" style="display:none">&nbsp;</span></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-Last_&amp;_Gledhill-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">↑ <sup><a href="#cite_ref-Last_&amp;_Gledhill_4-0">a</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-Last_&amp;_Gledhill_4-1">b</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-Last_&amp;_Gledhill_4-2">c</a></sup></span> <span class="reference-text">Peter Robert Last, Daniel C. Gledhill: <i> A revision of the Australian handfishes (Lophiiformes: Brachionichthyidae), with descriptions of three new genera and nine new species.</i> <a href="Zootaxa" title="Zootaxa">Zootaxa</a>, 2252, S. 1–77, 2009 (<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.mapress.com./zootaxa/2009/f/zt02252p077.pdf">PDF</a>)</span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-IUCN-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-IUCN_5-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">
<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.iucnredlist.org/species/123423283/123424374"><span style="font-style:italic;">Sympterichthys</span> <span style="font-style:italic;">unipennis</span></a> in der <a href="Rote_Liste_gef%C3%A4hrdeter_Arten" title="Rote Liste gefährdeter Arten">Roten Liste gefährdeter Arten</a> der <a href="IUCN" title="IUCN">IUCN</a> 2020.2. Eingestellt von: P. R. Last, G. Edgar &amp; R. Stuart-Smith, 2018. Abgerufen am 14. August 2020.</span>
</li>
</ol>
<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Weblinks">Weblinks</h2></div>
<div class="sisterproject" style="margin:0.1em 0 0 0;"><div class="noresize noviewer" style="display:inline-block; line-height:10px; min-width:1.6em; text-align:center;" aria-hidden="true" role="presentation"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Commons"></span></span></div><b><span class=""><a class="external text" href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Brachionichthys_hirsutus?uselang=de"><span lang="en">Commons</span>: Handfische (Brachionichthyidae)</a></span></b>&nbsp;– Sammlung von Bildern, Videos und Audiodateien</div>
<ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.fishbase.org/summary/FamilySummary.php?ID=191">Handfische</a> auf <a href="FishBase" title="FishBase">Fishbase.org</a> (englisch)</li>
<li>Pietsch, Theodore W. &amp; Christopher P. Kenaley. 2007: <i>Brachionichthyidae. Handfishes, warty anglerfishes.</i> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://tolweb.org/Brachionichthyidae/21996/2007.10.09"><i>in</i> The Tree of Life Web Project</a></li>
<li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.spiegel.de/wissenschaft/natur/australien-seltener-pinker-handfisch-erstmals-nach-22-jahren-wieder-gesichtet-a-104c5e53-d92c-442c-96e8-aca9f88358f4">Seltener Pinker Handfisch erstmals nach 22 Jahren wieder gesichtet</a></li></ul></div><!--htdig_noindex--><div><div class="zim-footer">
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